Universal basic income can help participants afford essentials like groceries and housing.d3sign/Getty ImagesUniversal basic income is recurring cash payments for participants, no strings attached.Traditional welfare restricts spending to specific categories, like healthcare or groceries.Basic-income policy could supplement welfare but likely wouldn't replace the existing safety net.As America's cities look to alleviate poverty, universal basic income has been proposed by local leaders as a complement to existing welfare.With a housing-affordability crisis and high healthcare costs, more Americans are leaning on government aid than in previous decades.