《Journal of Chemical Education》第83卷第3期提到过这个问题。大致可以理解成,在早期芳香亲电取代实验过程中,一般苯环上原有基团是致活的,反应的主产物取代基上了邻位,所以称其为ortho(直接),副产物绝大部分上对位,称para(旁边),最少的自然是间位取代产物,称meta(随后)。 More @Wikipedia
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