In negative situations, do is used as an auxillary (or helper) verb when denying something, e.g. "I do not know." This is because *"I not know" is not grammatical. Do-support is only used with the infinitive, i.e. the form of verb that matches its name. So you say "I do not know", never *"I do not knowing". "He does not know", never *"He does ... More @Wikipedia
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