From powering a cleaner planet to unlocking the mysteries of space, three visionaries at Monday’s TIME100 Talks in London explored a crucial challenge: how to transform promising breakthroughs in science into real-world solutions. In a discussion moderated by TIME senior correspondent Alice Park, Phil Caldwell, CEO of clean energy company Ceres Power, space scientist and science communicator Margaret Aderin-Pocock, and Michael Short, former chief scientific adviser at the U.K.