US government scientists reportedly produced an energy gain during a fusion reaction for the second time ever, in a possible breakthrough.Damien Jemison/Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Humanity could be on the brink of making major progress in multiple areas of science. These are artificial intelligence, room-temperature semiconductors, and nuclear fusion. A lesson from ChatGPT: people get excited by progress when they understand what it means. Exactly a decade ago at the Milken Institute's annual jamboree in 2013, a discussion among some of Silicon Valley's most powerful figures weighed up a critical question: Where's the good stuff?Peter Thiel, billionaire investor and panelist at the event, reckoned it was fair to ask if all innovation could offer was iPhones that allow people to send pictures of their cat halfway around the world.