Topics: Middle East : Jordan
Introduction[Top of Page]Background:For most of its history since independence from British administration in 1946, Jordan was ruled by King HUSSEIN (1953-1999). A pragmatic ruler, he successfully navigated competing pressures from the major powers (US, USSR, and UK), various Arab states, Israel, and a large internal Palestinian population, through several wars and coup attempts. In 1989 he resumed parliamentary elections and gradually permitted political liberalization; in 1994 a formal peace treaty was signed with Israel.Geography[Top of Page]Location:Middle East, northwest of Saudi ArabiaGeographic coordinates:31 00 N, 36 00 EMap references:Middle EastArea:total:89,213 sq kmland:88,884 sq kmwater:329 sq kmArea - comparative:slightly smaller than IndianaLand boundaries:total:1,619 kmborder countries:Iraq 181 km, Israel 238 km, Saudi Arabia 728 km, Syria 375 km, West Bank 97 kmCoastline:26 kmMaritime claims:territorial sea:3 nmClimate:mostly arid desert; rainy season in west (November to April)Terrain:
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