As Seas Rise, Saltwater Plants Offer Hope Farms Will Survive

The plants are living on saltwater, coping with drought and possibly offering viable farming alternatives for a future in which rising seas have inundated countless coastal farmlands. The scientists from the M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation are also trying other approaches: tweaking genes and cross-breeding plants by conventional means to discover which might grow and even flourish. "Sea level rise is inevitable, and we are not prepared," said Swaminathan, who pioneered high-yield wheat and rice varieties for India in the 1960s. Natural disasters such as the 2004 Asian tsunami left countless plots unproductive for years. Climate change will bring stronger storms and warmer temperatures that expand ocean waters and melt ice caps and glaciers. The farmland lost by Tetakudi's 200 households now supports little more than a vast expanse of salt-tolerant shrubs called Suaeda maritime along with succulents called Salicornia brachiata, known to locals as "chicken feet." [...] salicornia species, which can tolerate nearly twice the salinity of seawater, have enormous potential as a biofuel crop, with seeds containing high concentrations of oil. Grain production, meanwhile, has stalled around 260 million tons in recent years, despite global pressure for India to boost yields, eliminate waste and eradicate widespread poverty and malnutrition. Inland, India has lost another 5.5 million hectares of arable farmland, out of its nationwide total of 163 million hectares, though India's soil salinity troubles are exacerbated by industrial salt flats, a growing number of shrimp farms and the depletion of groundwater reserves. The trend will only continue as seawater creeps onto low-lying lands along the 7,500-kilometer (4,700-mile) coast that outlines the country along the Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea. The world's irrigated acreage could be increased by about 50 percent by reusing saline water and salinized

Topics:  m.s swaminathan research foundation   swaminathan   natural   asian   climate   tetakudi   suaeda   salicornia   grain   inland   bay   bengal   indian ocean   arabian sea   swaminathan    sea   india   rise   saltwater   plants   offer   farms   million   salinity   countless   hectares   called   lost   years   farmland   

 

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