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Bookmark or Share- Atmosphere | Definition, Layers, & Facts | BritannicaAtmosphere, the gas and aerosol envelope that extends from the ocean, land, and ice-covered surface of a planet outward into space. The density of the atmosphere decreases outward, because the planet’s gravitational attraction, which pulls the gases and aerosols inward, is greatest close to the surface.
- Science in space - Encyclopedia BritannicaEarly space science investigations showed, for example, that luminous atmospheric displays known as auroras are the result of this interaction, and scientists came to understand that the magnetosphere is an extremely complex phenomenon.
- Greenhouse effect | Definition, Diagram, Causes, & Facts | BritannicaGreenhouse effect, a warming of Earth’s surface and troposphere (the lowest layer of the atmosphere) caused by the presence of water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and certain other gases in the air. Of those gases, known as greenhouse gases, water vapor has the largest effect.
- Atmospheric science | Climate, Weather & Air Pollution | BritannicaAtmospheric science, interdisciplinary field of study that combines the components of physics and chemistry that focus on the structure and dynamics of Earth’s atmosphere. Mathematical tools, such as differential equations and vector analysis, and computer systems are used to evaluate the physical
- Archean Eon | Atmosphere, Timeline, and Facts | BritannicaThe bulk of the free oxygen in the Archean atmosphere was derived from organic photosynthesis of carbon dioxide (CO 2) and water (H 2 O) by anaerobic cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), a process that releases oxygen as a by-product.
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